HORDB

General Information

ID: hor006740
Uniprot ID: P58294
Protein name: Prokineticin-1
Gene name: PROK1
Organism: Homo sapiens (Human)
Family: AVIT (prokineticin) family
Source: Human
Expression: In adult testis, is strongly expressed only in Leydig cells. In testicular tumors, expressed specifically in Leydig cell tumors (at protein level). Expressed from 14 weeks until birth in fetal testis.|Localizes to glandular epithelium, stroma and vascular
Disease: Diseases associated with PROK1 include Neuroblastoma and Endocervicitis.
Comments: NA
Taxonomy: Homo (genus), Homininae (subfamily), Hominidae (family), Hominoidea (superfamily), Catarrhini (parvorder), Simiiformes (infraorder), Haplorrhini (suborder), Primates (order), Euarchontoglires (superorder), Boreoeutheria , Eutheria , Theria , Mammalia (class), Amniota , Tetrapoda , Dipnotetrapodomorpha , Sarcopterygii (superclass), Euteleostomi , Teleostomi , Gnathostomata , Vertebrata , Craniata (subphylum), Chordata (phylum), Deuterostomia , Bilateria , Eumetazoa , Metazoa (kingdom), Opisthokonta , Eukaryota (superkingdom),cellular organisms
GO MF: GO:0008083 growth factor activity
GO BP: GO:0001525 angiogenesis; GO:0001935 endothelial cell proliferation; GO:0007165 signal transduction; GO:0008283 cell population proliferation; GO:0043410 positive regulation of MAPK cascade; GO:0045765 regulation of angiogenesis; GO:0051781 positive regulation of cell division; GO:0101023 vascular endothelial cell proliferation; GO:1905564 positive regulation of vascular endothelial cell proliferation
GO CC: GO:0005576 extracellular region

Sequence Information

Sequence: AVITGACERDVQCGAGTCCAISLWLRGLRMCTPLGREGEECHPGSHKVPFFRKRKHHTCPCLPNLLCSRFPDGRYRCSMDLKNINF
Length: 86
Propeptide: MRGATRVSIMLLLVTVSDCAVITGACERDVQCGAGTCCAISLWLRGLRMCTPLGREGEECHPGSHKVPFFRKRKHHTCPCLPNLLCSRFPDGRYRCSMDLKNINF
Signal peptide: MRGATRVSIMLLLVTVSDC
Modification: NA
Glycosylation: NA
Mutagenesis: NA

Activity

Function: Potently contracts gastrointestinal (GI) smooth muscle. Induces proliferation, migration and fenestration (the formation of membrane discontinuities) in capillary endothelial cells derived from endocrine glands. Has little or no effect on a variety of other endothelial and non-endothelial cell types. Induces proliferation and differentiation, but not migration, of enteric neural crest cells. Directly influences neuroblastoma progression by promoting the proliferation and migration of neuroblastoma cells. Positively regulates PTGS2 expression and prostaglandin synthesis. May play a role in placentation. May play a role in normal and pathological testis angiogenesis.
Mechanism: NA
Cross BBB: NA
Target: PROKR2
Target Unid: Q8NFJ6
IC50: NA
EC50: NA
ED50: NA
kd: NA
Half life: NA

Structure

Disulfide bond: 7-19; 13-31; 18-59; 41-67; 61-77
Structure ID: AF-P58294-F1(AlphaFold_DB_ID)

Structure: (PDB_ID-from https://www.rcsb.org/; AlphaFold_DB_ID-from https://alphafold.ebi.ac.uk/; hordbxxxxxx_AF2.pdb was predicted structure by AlphaFold2; hordbxxxxxx_ESM.pdb was predicted structure by ESMFold)

hor006740_AF2.pdb

hor006740_ESM.pdb

Physical Information

Mass:	1118365	Formula:	C414H660N130O114S12
Absent amino acids:		Common amino acids:	CR
pI:	8.58	Basic residues:	17
Polar residues:	30	Hydrophobic residues:	23
Hydrophobicity:	-28.72	Boman Index:	-16525
Half-Life:	4.4 hour	Half-Life Yeast:	>20 hour
Half-Life E.Coli:	>10 hour	Aliphatic Index	64.65
Instability Index:	5125.23	Extinction Coefficient cystines:	7615
Absorbance 280nm:	89.59

Literature

PubMed ID: 11259612
Title: Identification of two prokineticin cDNAs: recombinant proteins potently contract gastrointestinal smooth muscle.
PubMed ID: 11528470
Title: Identification of an angiogenic mitogen selective for endocrine gland endothelium.
PubMed ID: 12975309
Title: The secreted protein discovery initiative (SPDI), a large-scale effort to identify novel human secreted and transmembrane proteins: a bioinformatics assessment.
PubMed ID: 16710414
Title: The DNA sequence and biological annotation of human chromosome 1.
PubMed ID: 15489334
Title: The status, quality, and expansion of the NIH full-length cDNA project: the Mammalian Gene Collection (MGC).
PubMed ID: 15340161
Title: Signal peptide prediction based on analysis of experimentally verified cleavage sites.
PubMed ID: 15292351
Title: Human endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor: expression early in development and in Leydig cell tumors suggests roles in normal and pathological testis angiogenesis.
PubMed ID: 17289879
Title: Implications of endocrine gland-derived vascular endothelial growth factor/prokineticin-1 signaling in human neuroblastoma progression.
PubMed ID: 18339712
Title: Prokineticin 1 signaling and gene regulation in early human pregnancy.